Paniculitis mesentérica: ¿es algo de lo que nos tenemos que preocupar? / Mesenteric panniculitis: is it something that we should worry about?

La paniculitis mesentérica es una entidad poco frecuente, y menos aún detectada salvo de modo incidental. Sin embargo, puede estar asociada a sintomatología muy prevalente en cuidados paliativos. Presentamos un caso que ilustra esta problemática, a modo de reflexión. (AU)

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare condition that is even rarer to detect except incidentally. However, it may be associated with very prevalent symptoms in the setting of palliative care. We report a case that illustrates this problem in order to invite reflection. (AU)

Paniculitis mesentérica / Mesenteric panniculitis

Introducción: La paniculitis mesentérica es una afección infrecuente. Aparece en la adultez tardía, con manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas, puede cursar asintomática o caracterizarse por dolor, hinchazón y distensión abdominal, masa palpable a nivel del abdomen. Esto puede ser un hallazgo casual al realizar exploraciones radiológicas. Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-imagenológicas, así como terapéutica empleada en el tratamiento de un paciente con paniculitis mesentérica. Presentación de caso: Se presenta el caso de un paciente blanco, masculino de 59 años. Con antecedentes de hiperlipidemia, con cuadros doloroso abdominal inespecífico, de 6 meses de evolución. Se le realiza tomografía axial computarizada de abdomen simple y E/V donde se observó engrosamiento de la grasa mesentérica y múltiples imágenes nodulares a nivel del mesenterio compatible con paniculitis mesentérica. Desarrollo: La paniculitis mesentérica es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia, con mayor predominio en la sexta década de la vida, es habitualmente un hallazgo incidental en laparotomía exploratoria o tomografía computarizada de abdomen. Conclusiones: Deben conocerse las manifestaciones clínicas y hallazgos imagenológicos de la paniculitis mesentérica, así como las variantes terapéuticas en su tratamiento para evitar las intervenciones quirúrgicas innecesarias(AU)

Introduction: Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare condition. It appears in late adulthood, with nonspecific clinical manifestations, it can be asymptomatic or characterized by pain, swelling and abdominal distension, a palpable mass in the abdomen. This can be a chance finding when performing radiological examinations. Objective: To describe the clinical-imaging characteristics, as well as the therapy used in the treatment of a patient with mesenteric panniculitis. Case report: We report the case of a 59-year-old white male patient, with history of hyperlipidemia, nonspecific abdominal pain and 6 months of evolution. A simple abdominal computed tomography and E / V were performed, showing thickening of the mesenteric fat and multiple nodular images at the level of the mesentery compatible with mesenteric panniculitis. Findings: Mesenteric panniculitis is a low prevalence disease, with greater prevalence in the sixth decade of life, which is usually found incidentally in exploratory laparotomy or abdominal computed tomography. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations and imaging findings of mesenteric panniculitis must be known, as well as the therapeutic variants in its treatment to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions(AU)

[Mesenteric panniculitis]. / Paniculitis mesentérica.

Mesenteric panniculitis is a condition characterized by chronic nonspecific inflammation of the mesentery. There is little and often confusing information about its characteristics and the approach to take once it has been demonstrated by an imaging test. We propose to describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiological and pathological features of the patients with mesenteric panniculitis reported in the literature, as well as possible disorders causal or associated with mesenteric panniculitis, in the opinion of the authors of each study. Finally, we will review the different therapeutic options used and the response to them. To that end a literature search was performed from the main medical databases selecting ítems with information on these aspects. This information was collected on a database stored in SPSS software for further analysis and summary.

Paniculitis mesentérica asociada a enfermedad relacionada con IgG4 como causa de fiebre de origen desconocido / Mesenteric panniculitis associated with IgG4-related disease as a cause of fever of unknown origin

La paniculitis mesentérica es un raro desorden inflamatorio de la grasa mesentérica, de la cual hay, hasta ahora, aproximadamente 200 casos reportados en la literatura. Se presenta en adultos a partir de la tercera década de la vida y su etiología es desconocida, pero es sabida su asociación con neoplasias gastrointestinales, genitourinarias y enfermedades reumatológicas. Entre sus manifestaciones clínicas están el dolor abdominal, las alteraciones del tránsito intestinal, la pérdida de peso, la fiebre y los vómitos. El diagnóstico definitivo es fundamentalmente histopatológico, también existen algunos estigmas tomográficos que podrían sugerir su presencia. Debe ser tratada a la mayor brevedad posible y los corticosteroides son los medicamentos a elegir. Se presentó un paciente con diagnóstico de paniculitis mesentérica idiopática, como resultado del estudio de una fiebre de origen desconocido, en el cual logramos además demostrar la asociación de la paniculitis con la enfermedad relacionada con IgG4, desorden recientemente descubierto, caracterizado por lesiones inflamatorias seudotumorales, que cursan con infiltración hística por células plasmáticas IgG4 positivas.

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the mesenteric fat, of which there is, so far, about 200 cases reported in the literature. It occurs in elderly adults and its etiology is unknown but its association with gastrointestinal tumors, genitourinary and rheumatological diseases is known. Among its clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, altered bowel movements, weight loss, fever and vomiting. The definitive histopathological diagnosis is fundamentally, there is some tomographic stigma that might suggest its presence. It should be treated as soon as possible and corticosteroids are the drugs of choice. A patient diagnosed with idiopathic mesenteric panniculitis as a result of the evaluation of fever of unknown origin, which we further demonstrate the association of panniculitis with related disease IgG4, disorder recently discovered, characterized by lesions in flammatory pseudotumoral occurs, that occur with tissue infiltration IgG4 positive plasma cells.

[A prospective study to determine the real value of mesenteric ¹8F-FDG uptake in cancer patients. inflammatory or tumoral mesenteric paniculitis?]. / Estudio prospectivo para determinar el valor real de la captación de ¹8F-FDG mesentérica en pacientes oncológicos: ¿paniculitis mesentérica inflamatoria o tumoral?

AIM: To assess the metabolic behavior of mesenteric panniculitis (MP), possible manifestation patterns in ¹8F-FDG PET/CT imaging and to discover if it is a reliable diagnostic method to differentiate tumor disease from inflammatory condition in this context. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 2,666 PET/CT scans were evaluated prospectively from April 2012 to August 2013. Thirty patients were included (37 scans) with radiological signs of MP. There were 8 women and 22 men, aged between 39 and 81 years, in the sample. According to the ¹8F-FDG uptake in the mesenteric lesions, expressed as SUVmax, patients were classified into two different groups: Group A consisted of 10 patients with increased uptake, SUVmax ≥ 2 or greater than the activity found in the surrounding healthy mesenteric tissue, and Group B (20 patients) SUVmax <2 or indistinguishable from healthy tissue. RESULTS: No signs of mesenteric tumour involvement were demonstrated during a mean follow up of 13 months (false positives) in 80% of the Group A patients (mean SUVmax 7.11). Signs of the presence of tumor were only demonstrated in two patients of Group A (SUVmax 7.57 and 9.46) with a positive predictive value of 49.79%. All Group B patients were confirmed to be free of mesenteric involvement. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of radiological signs of suggestive of MP, increase in glycidic metabolism, even intense and focal in these lesions, which may not exclude the possibility of an ongoing tumour process, would have a high likelihood of being indicative of intense inflammatory activity.

Paniculitis mesentérica como causa poco frecuente de dolor abdominal agudo / Mesenteric panniculitis as a rare cause of acute abdominal pain

La paniculitis mesentérica es un proceso inflamatorio poco habitual que afecta al tejido graso del mesenterio y, con menor frecuencia, al mesocolon o al retroperitoneo. Puede cursar con dolor abdominal, diarrea, pérdida de peso o masa palpable, y rara vez se presenta con un cuadro de dolor abdominal agudo. En la mayoría de los casos es asintomática. La etiología es desconocida, aunque se han descrito como posibles agentes causales la isquemia, la infección, el traumatismo abdominal, los antecedentes quirúrgicos y los procesos autoinmunes. También se ha planteado su asociación con determinados fármacos, procesos inflamatorios idiopáticos y neoplasias. La tomografía computada (TC) es la técnica de imagen de elección para su diagnóstico y los hallazgos pueden variar desde el incremento de la atenuación en el mesenterio hasta la presencia de una masa sólida en relación con el componente tisular predominante (grasa, tejido inflamatorio o fibrosis). Presentamos 3 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Urgencias con dolor abdominal agudo y cuyo diagnóstico final fue paniculitis mesentérica como causa del cuadro.

Mesenteric panniculitis is an unusual inflammatory disorder involving the adipose tissue of the mesentery and, less frequently, the mesocolon and the retroperitoneum. Patients may present with abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss or abdominal mass, and only rarely with symptoms of acute abdominal pain. In most cases, it is asymptomatic. Although the etiology of mesenteric panniculitis is unknown, ischemia, infection, abdominal trauma, previous abdominal surgery, and autoimmune disorders have been reported as possible causative agents. It has also been suggested its association with certain drugs, idiopathic inflammatory processes, and malignancy.Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard imaging technique for its diagnosis; computed tomography findings may vary from increased attenuation of the mesentery to a solid soft-tissue mass depending on the predominant tissue component (fat, inflammation or fibrosis). We report 3 cases of patients who presented at the Emergency Department with acute abdominal pain and were diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis.

Paniculitis mesentérica como causa poco frecuente de dolor abdominal agudo / Mesenteric panniculitis as a rare cause of acute abdominal pain

La paniculitis mesentérica es un proceso inflamatorio poco habitual que afecta al tejido graso del mesenterio y, con menor frecuencia, al mesocolon o al retroperitoneo. Puede cursar con dolor abdominal, diarrea, pérdida de peso o masa palpable, y rara vez se presenta con un cuadro de dolor abdominal agudo. En la mayoría de los casos es asintomática. La etiología es desconocida, aunque se han descrito como posibles agentes causales la isquemia, la infección, el traumatismo abdominal, los antecedentes quirúrgicos y los procesos autoinmunes. También se ha planteado su asociación con determinados fármacos, procesos inflamatorios idiopáticos y neoplasias. La tomografía computada (TC) es la técnica de imagen de elección para su diagnóstico y los hallazgos pueden variar desde el incremento de la atenuación en el mesenterio hasta la presencia de una masa sólida en relación con el componente tisular predominante (grasa, tejido inflamatorio o fibrosis). Presentamos 3 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Urgencias con dolor abdominal agudo y cuyo diagnóstico final fue paniculitis mesentérica como causa del cuadro.(AU)

Mesenteric panniculitis is an unusual inflammatory disorder involving the adipose tissue of the mesentery and, less frequently, the mesocolon and the retroperitoneum. Patients may present with abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss or abdominal mass, and only rarely with symptoms of acute abdominal pain. In most cases, it is asymptomatic. Although the etiology of mesenteric panniculitis is unknown, ischemia, infection, abdominal trauma, previous abdominal surgery, and autoimmune disorders have been reported as possible causative agents. It has also been suggested its association with certain drugs, idiopathic inflammatory processes, and malignancy. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard imaging technique for its diagnosis; computed tomography findings may vary from increased attenuation of the mesentery to a solid soft-tissue mass depending on the predominant tissue component (fat, inflammation or fibrosis). We report 3 cases of patients who presented at the Emergency Department with acute abdominal pain and were diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis.(AU)

Paniculitis mesentérica: ¿predictor de una neoplasia? / Mesenteric panniculitis: predictor of a neoplasm

Introduction: Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare disorder characterized by chronic, non-specific inflammation involving the adipose tissue of the bowel mesentery of unknown aetiology. It has been associated with different processes, including digestive and urothelial malignancies. Case report: A 44-years-old man carne to the Emergency Department complaining of mesogastric pain for the last 24 hours. CT sean showed an increased density of the mesenteric adipoid tissue. Mesenteric paniculitis was diagnosed and antibiotic treatment was instaured. The patient recovered uneventfully. Two months later the patient was diagnosed of an infiltrating urothelial carcinoma. Conclusions: Mesenteric panniculitis may be associated with malignancies and other pathologies. It is advisable to perform tests to dismiss the coexistence of these disorders. In those cases, in which associated diseases could not be demonstrated, a frequent follow-up would be advisable to achieve an early diagnosis if these appear.

Introducción: La paniculitis mesentérica es un trastorno poco frecuente caracterizado por inflamación crónica inespecífica del tejido adiposo del mesenterio intestinal de etiología desconocida. Se ha relacionado con diversas patologías, entre ellas neoplasias digestivas y uroteliales. Caso clínico: Varón de 44 años que acude a Urgencias por un dolor mesogástrico de 24 horas de evolución. En la TC abdominal se objetivó un aumento de densidad de la grasa de la raíz del mesenterio. Se diagnosticó de paniculitis mesentérica y se trató mediante antibioterapia. A los 2 meses el paciente es diagnosticado de un carcinoma urotelial infiltrante. Discusión: La paniculitis mesentérica puede estar relacionada con neoplasias y otras patologías. Es conveniente realizar pruebas para descartar la coexistencia de alguna de las enfermedades asociadas. En aquellos casos en los que no se demuestre, sería recomendable un seguimiento periódico.

Paniculitis mesentérica asociada con absceso intraabdominal / Mesenteric panniculitis with intraabdominal abcess: report of one case

La paniculitis mesentérica es una enfermedad inflamatoria del tejido adiposo del mesenterio, de presentación infrecuente y que se caracteriza, por el engrasamiento, endurecimiento y nodularidad del mismo. Se pone en consideración un caso clínico en un varón joven, con una forma de presentación poco común que requirió de laparotomía exploradora para realizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento.

We report a 28 years old obese male presenting with abdominal pain of increasing intensity lasting 15 days. In the last days, diarrhea and fever appeared. On abdominal examination a 8 cm painful mass was palpated. An abdominal ultrasound showed an anechoic mass in the epigastrium. An abdominal CAT sean showed an inflammatory mass that involves the small bowel. The patient is subjected to a percutaneous needle aspiration, obtaining 50 mi of a purulent fluid. Due to persistence of fever, the patient was operated finding an inflammation that involved the mesentery and the great omentum and covering abscess. The pathologic study of the surgical piece reported a unspecific nodular mesenteric panniculitis.